Low Testosterone Symptoms, Testing and Treatment Options

by Donna Hayek RDN

Testosterone is an important hormone that plays a role in male puberty, sperm production, physical energy, healthy muscle mass, bone density, red blood cell production, mood regulation, and stress response.

Do This First

Get tested first by your PCP or urologist. Don’t assume that your testosterone is low just by your symptoms or because you are not gaining muscle mass with exercise. A blood test and medical evaluation can help determine what is actually going on.

Testosterone Replacement Therapy, TRT

Testosterone Replacement Therapy may be used for men with confirmed low testosterone. A total blood serum level of less than 300 ng/dL may be one marker used when evaluating low testosterone.

TRT may come in several forms, including:

  • Implant pellets
  • Injections
  • Patches
  • Gels
  • Pills
Possible Symptoms and Health Factors

Symptoms or concerns that may be associated with low testosterone can also be connected to other health issues, including:

  • Thyroid disease
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Sleep apnea
  • Liver function
  • Excessive alcohol intake
  • Stress
  • Poor sleep

That’s why testing is important before considering treatment.

Possible Risks of TRT

TRT is not right for everyone. Possible risks may include:

  • Increased red blood cells
  • Skin reactions or acne
  • Sleep apnea concerns
  • Prostate growth
  • Breast enlargement
  • Decreased sperm production or infertility
Solutions to Try First

Before treatment, focus on lifestyle habits that support overall health.

Resistance training: squats, deadlifts, bench presses, curls
Mediterranean diet: fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, olive oil, eggs, fish, avocados

Bottom Line

If you are concerned about low testosterone, start with testing through your PCP or urologist. Symptoms alone are not enough to know whether testosterone is low, and proper evaluation can help guide the best next step.